Etymograph > Indo-European > Old English > Rules > post-pwgmc-intervocalic-z

From Proto-West Germanic to Old English

Source: Ringe 2014:82

Examples

FromToGlossStepsExpected
PNWGmc *langizôlengralongerlangizô > langizō > langirō > lengra
PWGmc *hauzijanhīeranto hearhauzijan > haurijan > hīeran
PGmc *hauzjan-hīeranto hearhauzjan- > haurjan > hīeran
PWGmc *laizijanlǣranto teachlaizijan > lairijan > lǣran
PGmc *laizjan-lǣranto teachlaizjan- > lairjan > lǣran
PWGmc *hazjanherianto praisehazjan > harjan > herian
PWGmc *wazjanwerianto clothewazjan > warjan > werian
PGmc *wazjan-werianto clothewazjan- > warjan > werian
PWGmc *snuzusnorudaughter in lawsnuzu > snurusnuru
PWGmc *laiwazikālāwriċelarklaiwazikā > laiwarikā > lawrċelawrċe
PGmc *laiwizakōn-lāwriċelarklaiwizakōn- > laiwirakōn > lǣrcanlǣrcan
PGmc *aima-uzjōn-ǣmyrieembersaima-uzjōn- > aima-urjōn > ām-orianām-orian
PGmc *aizō-ārrespect, benevolenceaizō- > aizu > airu > ār
PGmc *amazan-omerbuntingamazan- > amaran > omranomran
PGmc *auzōn-ēareearauzōn- > aurōn > ēaranēaran
PGmc *dazēn-darianbe numbed(?)dazēn- > dazējan > darējan > dæriandærian
PGmc *ganazan-gandraganderganazan- > ganaran > gonrangonran
PGmc *hūzjan-hȳranhirehūzjan- > hūrjan > hȳran
PGmc *laisizan-*lǣssalesslaisizan- > laisiran > lǣsranlǣsran
PGmc *lehizan-līrafleshy part of the body, calflehizan- > lehiran > lēoranlēoran
PGmc *maizan-māramoremaizan- > mairan > māranmāran
PGmc *nazjan-neriansave, healnazjan- > narjan > nerian
PGmc *raizjan-rǣrancause to rise, raiseraizjan- > rairjan > rǣran
PGmc *kazjanċierranturn, directkazjan > karjan > ċieranċieran

Examples

FromToGlossStepsExpected
PWGmc *marzijanmierranto disturb, to hindermarzijan > marrijan > merranmerran
PGmc *marzjan-mierranto disturb, to hinder, to impedemarzjan- > marrjan > merranmerran
PWGmc *irzīierremistaken, wrongirzī > irrī > ierre
PGmc *durzan-durrandare, be bravedurzan- > dorzan > dorrandorran
PGmc *kerzan-ċeorrancreak, to cry (of birds)kerzan- > kerran > ċeorran
PGmc *þurzu-þyrredryþurzu- > þurru > þurorþuror
PGmc *urzan-wōr-hanablack grouse, capercaillieurzan- > orzan > orranorran
PGmc *þurzjan-þyrrianbe thirstyþurzjan- > þurrjan > þyrranþyrran

Sequences

pwgmc-to-oe: next post-pwgmc-z-before-coronal
pgmc-to-oe: previous pwgmc-jj-ww, next post-pwgmc-z-before-coronal
pnwgmc-to-oe: previous pwgmc-jj-ww, next post-pwgmc-z-before-coronal