Etymograph > Indo-European > Old English > Rules > oe-ae-retraction

Source: Ringe 2014:189 (6.3.1), Hogg 2011:5.35

Examples

FromToGlossStepsExpected
PNWGmc *dagumazdagumday.dat.pldagumaz > dægum > dagum
PWGmc *latōstlatostmost recentlylatōst > lætāst > latāst > latastlatast
PGmc *arundja-ǣrendeerrandarundja- > ærund > arund > arondarond
PNWGmc *grasugrasugrass.nom.plgrasu > græsu > grasu
PNWGmc *badubeadubattlebadu > bædu > badubadu
PWGmc *sarusearudevice, tool, weaponsaru > særu > sarusaru
PGmc *sarwa-searudevice, tool, weaponsarwa- > særu > sarusaru
PWGmc *hasuhasugrayhasu > hæsu > hasu
PGmc *sparwa-spearwasparrowsparwa- > spæru > sparu > sparosparo
PNWGmc *nabulônafolanavelnabulô > næβulā > naβulā > nafola
PNWGmc *habukazhafochawkhabukaz > hæβuk > haβuk > hafoc
PNWGmc *sadulazsadolsaddlesadulaz > sædul > sadul > sadol
PGmc *sadula-sadolsaddlesadula- > sædul > sadul > sadol
PNWGmc *stapulazstapolpost, pillarstapulaz > stæpul > stapul > stapol
PWGmc *wakulwacolwakeful, vigilantwakul > wækul > wakul > wacol
PWGmc *gabulugafolforkgabulu > gæβulu > gaβulu > gafol
PWGmc *magumaguboymagu > mægu > magu
PWGmc *lagulaguwater, the sealagu > lægu > lagu
PNWGmc *staþulazstaþolact of standing; standing thngstaþulaz > stæþul > staþul > staþol
PWGmc *maþōmaþawormmaþō > mæþā > maþā > maþa
PGmc *maþan-maþawormmaþan- > mæþan > maþanmaþan
PNWGmc *magômagastomachmagô > mægā > magā > maga
PGmc *magan-magastomachmagan- > mægan > maganmagan
PWGmc *skaþōsċaþasamage, destructionskaþō > skæþā > skaþā > sċaþa
PWGmc *knabōcnafaboyknabō > knæβā > knaβā > cnafa
PGmc *knaban-cnafaknob; boyknaban- > knæβan > knaβan > cnafancnafan
PWGmc *skabansċafanto cut (hair), to shaveskaban > skæβan > skaβan > sċafan
PWGmc *skamusċamushameskamu > skæmu > skamu > sċamu
PGmc *alamahtīgazælmihtiġalmightyalamahtīgaz > ælumeahtīg > alumeahtīg > alomiehtiġalomiehtiġ
PGmc *maganąmæġento be able, maymaganą > mægan > maganmagan
PGmc *aganō-ægnanchaff, awnsaganō- > ægan > aganagan
PGmc *ajuki-ǣceeternalajuki- > æjuki > ajuki > aġoċaġoċ
PGmc *akan-acanacheakan- > ækan > acan
PGmc *aluþ-ealoþale, beeraluþ- > æluþ > aluþ > aloþaloþ
PGmc *apan-apamonkey, apeapan- > æpan > apanapan
PGmc *aran-earneaglearan- > æran > aranaran
PGmc *arwa-earuready, fastarwa- > æru > aruaru
PGmc *aþulja-æðelenobleaþulja- > æþuli > aþuli > aþolaþol
PGmc *agōn-agemagpieagōn- > ægān > agān > aganagan
PGmc *badwōbeadobattlebadwō > bædu > badu > badobado
PGmc *bakan-bacanbake, frybakan- > bækan > bacan
PGmc *balwa-bealoevilbalwa- > bælu > balu > balobalo
PGmc *baruga-beargbarrowbaruga- > bærug > barug > baurgbaurg
PGmc *barwa-bearugrove(?)barwa- > bæru > barubaru
PGmc *dragan-dragandraw, pull, carrydragan- > drægan > dragan
PGmc *fadurwjan-fæderapaternal uncle, father's brotherfadurwjan- > fædurwjan > fadurwjan > fadorwanfadorwan
PGmc *falan-falaboardfalan- > fælan > falanfalan
PGmc *falōnfalaboardfalōn > fælān > falān > falanfalan
PGmc *faluda-faldpen(?)faluda- > fælud > faludfalud
PGmc *falwa-fealopalefalwa- > fælu > falu > falofalo
PGmc *faran-farangofaran- > færan > faran
PGmc *fasan-fæsfringe; fiberfasan- > fæsan > fasanfasan
PGmc *fatōn-fatianfetchfatōn- > fætōjan > fatōjan > fatian
PGmc *gadurōjan-gædriangathergadurōjan- > gædurōjan > gadurōjan > gadoriangadorian
PGmc *galan-galanto shout, sing, chantgalan- > gælan > galan
PGmc *garwa-gearoready, finishedgarwa- > gæru > garu > garogaro
PGmc *gnagan-gnagangnawgnagan- > gnægan > gnagan
PGmc *graban-grafandiggraban- > græβan > graβan > grafan
PGmc *habanō-hæfenharborhabanō- > hæβan > haβan > hafanhafan
PGmc *hakan-hacahookhakan- > hækan > hacanhacan
PGmc *hakula-hæclacloakhakula- > hækul > hakul > hacolhacol
PGmc *haswa-hasogreyhaswa- > hæsu > hasu > haso
PGmc *haþu-heaþo-battlehaþu- > hæþu > haþu > haþohaþo
PGmc *hlaþan-hladanloadhlaþan- > hlæþan > hlaþanhlaþan
PGmc *hraban-hræfnravenhraban- > hræβan > hraβan > hrafanhrafan
PGmc *hradōn-hradianrush, tumblehradōn- > hrædōjan > hradōjan > hradian
PGmc *kalan-calanbe coldkalan- > kælan > calan
PGmc *kalwa-calobaldkalwa- > kælu > kalu > calo
PGmc *kapōn-capianstarekapōn- > kæpōjan > kapōjan > capian
PGmc *karō-cearuworry, carekarō- > kæru > karu > carocaro
PGmc *kʷalō-cwalutormentkʷalō- > kwælu > cwalu
PGmc *lagu-lagulakelagu- > lægu > lagu
PGmc *laþōjan-laðianinvitelaþōjan- > læþōjan > laþōjan > laðian
PGmc *nabō-nafunavenabō- > næβu > naβu > nafu
PGmc *narwa-nearunarrownarwa- > næru > narunaru
PGmc *nasō-nosunosenasō- > næsu > nasunasu
PGmc *rakan-ræc(sleuth) dograkan- > rækan > racanracan
PGmc *sagō-sagusawsagō- > sægu > sagu
PGmc *sagō-sagurecountsagō- > sægu > sagu
PGmc *sakō-sacucase, lawsuitsakō- > sæku > sacu
PGmc *salwa-saloyellowish brownsalwa- > sælu > salu > salo
PGmc *skadu-sċeadushadowskadu- > skædu > skadu > sċadusċadu
PGmc *skakan-sċacanshake; to leaveskakan- > skækan > skakan > sċacan
PGmc *spadan-spaduspadespadan- > spædan > spadanspadan
PGmc *stakan-stacapole, poststakan- > stækan > stacanstacan
PGmc *swajuta-swēothostswajuta- > swæjut > swajut > swaġotswaġot
PGmc *talō-taluspeech, recounttalō- > tælu > talu
PGmc *wadan-wadanwadewadan- > wædan > wadan
PGmc *wakan-wacanawakenwakan- > wækan > wacan
PGmc *wlakʷa-wlaculukewarm, tepidwlakʷa- > wlæku > wlacu
PGmc *makan-*macamatchmakan- > mækan > macanmacan
PGmc *wagōn-wagianmove, shakewagōn- > wægōjan > wagōjan > wagian
PGmc *þrabōn-þrafiantrotþrabōn- > þræβōjan > þraβōjan > þrafian
PGmc *hragōn-*hraganjut outhragōn- > hrægōjan > hragōjan > hragianhragian
PGmc *gabōn-gabbianjokegabōn- > gæβōjan > gaβōjan > gafiangafian

Examples

FromToGlossStepsExpected
PWGmc *rakkōraccasailyard ringrakkō > rækkā > rakkā > racca
PWGmc *krabbōcrabbacrabkrabbō > kræbbā > krabbā > crabba
PGmc *krabban-crabbacrab, crayfishkrabban- > kræbban > crabbancrabban
PGmc *swakkuzswæccsmell; odour; scentswakkuz > swækku > swakku > swaccswacc
PGmc *hattu-hæthathattu- > hættu > hattu > hatthatt
PGmc *krattan-crætbasket, wickerwork containerkrattan- > krættan > crattancrattan
PGmc *lappōn-lapianlick up, laplappōn- > læppōjan > lappōjan > lappianlappian
PGmc *rakkan-raccaparrelrakkan- > rækkan > raccanraccan
PGmc *stappan-stæppanstep, pacestappan- > stæppan > stappanstappan
PGmc *sappan-sæpsap; juicesappan- > sæppan > sappansappan

Examples

FromToGlossStepsExpected
PGmc *fastu-fæstfixed, firmfastu- > fæstu > fastu > fastfast
PWGmc *ahslueaxlshoulder-jointahslu > æslu > aslu > aslasl
PGmc *askōn-æsceashesaskōn- > æskān > askān > ascanascan
PGmc *aspō-æspaspenaspō- > æspu > aspu > aspasp
PGmc *rastō-ræstintervalrastō- > ræstu > rastu > rastrast
PGmc *þrastu-þryscethrushþrastu- > þræstu > þrastu > þrastþrast
PGmc *waskan-wæscanwashwaskan- > wæskan > wascanwascan

Related rules

oe-restoration-of-a – Same rule but synchronous

Sequences

pwgmc-to-oe: previous oe-hs, next oe-long-ae-retraction
pgmc-to-oe: previous oe-hs, next oe-long-ae-retraction
pnwgmc-to-oe: previous oe-hs, next oe-long-ae-retraction