Etymograph > Indo-European > Ancient Greek > Historical Phonology

pie-to-grk

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Show derivations

Consistent Derivations

PIE	Grk	Gloss	Derivation
*h₁esti	ἐστι		h₁esti > esti

τ -> σ

PIE	Grk	Expected	Gloss	Derivation
*-ti	-σι	**-τι	Primary athematic 3sg. ending	-ti

Inconsistent Derivations

PIE	Grk	Expected	Gloss	Derivation
*bʰeroH	φέρω	**φεροH	carry	bʰeroH > φeroH
*h₁édēiḱsm̥	ἔδειξα	**ἐδηικσα	show.AOR.1SG	h₁édēiḱsm̥ > edēiḱsm̥ > edēiḱsa
*h₂eǵoH	ἄγω	**ἀγοH	drive	h₂eǵoH > aǵoH > agoH
*i̯h₂ǵ-	ἁγιός	**ἰ̯h₂γ	holy	i̯h₂ǵ-
*peh₂ǵ-	πήγνυμι	**πεh₂γ	make fast	peh₂ǵ-
*septm̥	ἑπτά	**ἑπτα	seven	septm̥ > septa > hepta
*su̯eh₂d-	ἡδύς	**σu̯εh₂δ	sweet	su̯eh₂d-
*sém	ἕν	**ἑν	one.N	sém > sen > hen
*u̯h₂s-	ἄστυ	**ὐ̯h₂ς	city	u̯h₂s-

Statistics

Consistent: 1 (9%); single-phoneme inconsistent: 1 (9%); inconsistent: 9; total: 11

Candidates

*-e >

pre-Grk *-ε 'Historical primary thematic 3sg. ending'

(source: Beekes 2011:260)

pre-Grk *-ει 'Historical primary thematic 2sg. ending'

(expected: -εh₁ι)

Grk -μεν 'Primary athematic 1pl. ending'

(expected: -με)

Grk -μι 'Primary athematic 1sg. ending'

Grk -ω 'Primary thematic 1sg. ending'

(expected: -οH)

Grk -ουσι 'Primary thematic 3pl. ending'

(expected: -οντι)

*-s >

Grk -ς 'Secondary 2sg. ending'

Grk -τε 'Primary athematic 2pl. ending'

Grk δέδορκε 'see.pf.3sg'

(expected: δεδορκε)

*dʰedʰeh₁mi >

Grk τίθημι 'put'

(expected: δʰεδʰεh₁μι)

*h₁ésteh₂m̥ >

Grk ἔστην 'stand up.aor.1sg'

(expected: h₁εστεh₂μ̥)

*h₁siéh₁m̥ >

Grk εἴην 'be.opt.1sg'

(expected: h₁σιεh₁μ̥)

Grk μαδάω 'stream away'

(source: Lubotsky 1981:54)

(expected: μh₂δ)

Grk μάσσω 'knead'

(source: Lubotsky 1981:54)

(expected: μh₂γ)

Grk μακρός 'long'

(source: Lubotsky 1981:54)

(expected: μh₂κ)