Tolkien's Languages

Indo-European

Common Eldarin

Phonology

initial-s-syllabic

initial-nasal-syllabic

Number

Singular

Plural

Dual

Partitive Plural

Case

Nominative

Genitive

Dative

Possessive

Allative

Ablative

Instrumental

Locative

Possession

1st person singular

2nd person singular formal

2nd person singular familiar

3rd person

1st person plural inclusive

1st person plural exclusive

2nd person plural

3rd person plural

2nd person dual

Tense

Present

Aorist

Past

Perfect

Future

Person

1st inclusive

1st exclusive

2nd formal

2nd familiar

Object

3rd person singular

Non-finite verb form

Active participle

Infinitive

Quenya

Noun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

Pronoun

Preposition

Conjunction

Affix

Singlular

Class Plural

Non-finite form

Present active participle

Past active participle

Past passive participle

Gerund

Mood

Imperative

Sindarin

Proper noun

Class plural type

cpl-rim

q-nom-pl

q-gen

q-abl

q-all

q-poss-3sg

q-2sg

q-1sg

q-2sg-fam

q-dat

q-gen-pl

q-ins

q-adj-pl

q-poss

q-loc-pl

q-loc

q-dual

q-ppl

q-noun-stem

q-poss-2sg

q-poss-1pl-excl

q-fut

q-abstract-noun

ce-q-spirants

ce-q-g-disappears

q-1pl-excl

q-aor-uninflected

q-adj-suffix

q-obj-3pl

q-aor-inflected

q-v-pl

q-causative

q-dat-pl

q-dat-dual

q-lengthen

q-present

q-d-to-l

q-able-suffix

q-gen-ppl

q-gen-dual

q-dat-ppl

q-all-pl

q-all-dual

q-all-ppl

q-all-ppl-long

q-abl-pl

q-abl-ppl

q-abl-dual

q-loc-ppl

q-loc-dual

q-ins-pl

q-ins-ppl

q-ins-dual

q-stress

q-perfect

q-1sg-short

q-poss-1sg

q-prosodic-lengthening

q-poss-dual

q-poss-ppl

q-poss-pl

q-part

q-2pl

q-3pl

q-past

q-abstract-noun-le

q-3sg

q-3sg-short

q-1pl-incl

q-abl-pl-r

q-1du-excl

q-1du-incl

q-2du

q-3du

q-pprt

q-poss-2sg-fam

q-poss-1pl-incl

q-poss-2pl

q-obj-3sg

q-gerund

q-3pl-n

q-action-verb

q-inf-prefix

q-half-strong-past

q-intensive

q-poss-2du

q-v-du

q-phono

q-nm

q-nasal-plus-stop

q-voiced-stop-before-nasal

[-sonorant,-continuant,+voice] > [nasal,+sonorant] / _[nasal]

q-intervocalic-j-diphtongized

q-semivowel-after-vowel

q-x-to-h

q-shorten-final-vowels

q-medial-s

q-th-s

q-z-r

q-pt-kt

[-coronal,-sonorant,-continuant, -voice] > [+continuant] / _t

q-final-consonants-to-dentals

[-voice,-sonorant,-continuant] > t / _#, [nasal] > n / _#

q-bilabial-spirants

* [-voice, -continuant, -sonorant] > [+continuant, -strident] / _[+SG]
* [+SG] > [-SG, +continuant, -strident]

s-aspirates-to-voiceless-spirants

s-long-a

s-voiceless-stops-after-consonants

https://eldamo.org/content/words/word-883570327.html

[-voice, -continuant, -sonorant] > [+continuant, -strident] / _[+SG], [+SG] > [-SG, +continuant, -strident]

From	To	Gloss	Steps
CE tektā	taith	sign, symbol, mark	tektā > tektʰa > texθa > taith
CE lotta	loth	bloom	lotta > lottʰa > loθθa > loth

From	To	Gloss	Steps
CE tektā	taith	sign, symbol, mark	tektā > tektʰa > texθa > taith
CE urkō	orch	orc	urkō > urkʰo > urxo > orch
CE phelgā	fela	mine	phelgā > pʰelga > ɸelga > fela
CE thūsē	thû	horrible darkness, black mist	thūsē > tʰúse > θúse > thû
CE lotta	loth	bloom	lotta > lottʰa > loθθa > loth
CE khēr	hír	lord	khēr > xér > hír
CE mbartā	amarth	define	mbartā > ambartʰa > ambarθa > amarth
CE khabdā	haudh	mound	khabdā > kʰauda > xauda > haudh

Etymograph > Tolkien's Languages > Sindarin > Historical Phonology > s-aspirates-to-voiceless-spirants

Examples

Examples

Notes

Sequences