From Proto-Germanic to Proto-West Germanic
| From | To | Gloss | Steps | Expected |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PGmc *sitjaną | *sittjan | sit | sitjaną > sitjan > sittjan | |
| PGmc *hugjaną | OE hyċġan | to think | hugjaną > hugjan > huggjan > hyċġan | |
| PGmc *skapjaną | *skappjan | to make, to create | skapjaną > skapjan > skappjan | |
| PGmc *habjaną | *habbjan | to lift | habjaną > haβjan > habbjan | |
| PGmc *satjaną | *sattjan | to seat, to set | satjaną > satjan > sattjan | |
| PGmc *satjan- | OE settan | to seat, to set | satjan- > sattjan > settan | |
| PGmc *bidjaną | *biddjan | to ask for | bidjaną > bidjan > biddjan | |
| PGmc *bedjan- | OE biddan | to ask for | bedjan- > beddjan > beddan | beddan |
| PGmc *hrisjaną | *hrissjan | to shake | hrisjaną > hrisjan > hrissjan | |
| PGmc *wakjaną | *wakkjan | to waken | wakjaną > wakjan > wakkjan | |
| PGmc *wakjan- | OE weċċan | to waken | wakjan- > wakkjan > weċċan | |
| PGmc *ligjaną | *liggjan | to lie | ligjaną > ligjan > liggjan | |
| PGmc *lagjaną | *laggjan | to lay | lagjaną > lagjan > laggjan | |
| PGmc *lagjan- | OE leċġan | to lay | lagjan- > laggjan > leċġan | |
| PGmc *bugjaną | *buggjan | to buy | bugjaną > bugjan > buggjan | |
| PGmc *hlahjaną | *hlahhjan | to laugh | hlahjaną > hlahjan > hlahhjan | |
| PGmc *þanjaną | *þannjan | to extend | þanjaną > þanjan > þannjan | |
| PGmc *haljō | *hallju | hell | haljō > halju > hallju | |
| PGmc *aljaną | *alljan | zeal | aljaną > aljan > alljan | |
| PGmc *aljana- | OE ellen | zeal | aljana- > aljan > alljan > ellan | ellan |
| PGmc *wiljaną | *willjan | to want | wiljaną > wiljan > willjan | |
| PGmc *weljan- | OE willan | to want | weljan- > welljan > wellan | wellan |
| PNWGmc *framjaną | *frammjan | to further | framjaną > framjan > frammjan | |
| PNWGmc *awju | *awwju | island | awju > awwju | |
| PGmc *agjō | *aggju | edge | agjō > agju > aggju | |
| PNWGmc *dunjaną | *dunnjan | to make a loud noise | dunjaną > dunjan > dunnjan | |
| PGmc *banjō | OE benn | wound | banjō > banju > bannju > benn | |
| PGmc *rakjaną | OE reċċan | to stretch out | rakjaną > rakjan > rakkjan > reċċan | |
| PGmc *saljaną | OE sellan | to hand over, to give | saljaną > saljan > salljan > sellan | |
| PGmc *saljan- | OE sellan | to hand over, to give | saljan- > salljan > sellan | |
| PGmc *sagjaną | OE seċġan | to say | sagjaną > sagjan > saggjan > seċġan | |
| PNWGmc *taljaną | OE tellan | to count, to narrate | taljaną > taljan > talljan > tellan | |
| PGmc *banjō | OE benu | wound | banjō > banju > bannju > benn | benn |
| PGmc *brunjōn- | OE byrne | breastplate | brunjōn- > brunnjōn > brynnan | brynnan |
| PGmc *dwaljan- | OE dwelian | delay, hinder | dwaljan- > dwalljan > dwellan | dwellan |
| PGmc *gramjan- | OE gremian | provoke, anger | gramjan- > grammjan > gremman | gremman |
| PGmc *haljō | OE hel | hell | haljō > halju > hallju > hell | hell |
| PGmc *hruþjan- | OE hryþþa | male dog | hruþjan- > hruþþjan > hryþþan | hryþþan |
| PGmc *hʷerhʷetjō- | OE hwerhwette | gourd(?) | hʷerhʷetjō- > hwerhwetju > hwerhwettju > hwēorett | hwēorett |
| PGmc *jukjan- | OE ġyċċan | itch | jukjan- > jukkjan > ġyċċan | |
| PGmc *kanjan- | OE cennan | bring forth | kanjan- > kannjan > cennan | |
| PGmc *klunjan- | OE clynnan | sound? | klunjan- > klunnjan > clynnan | |
| PGmc *kʷaljan- | OE cwellan | make suffer, pain | kʷaljan- > kwaljan > kwalljan > cwellan | |
| PGmc *lakjan- | OE læċċan | grab | lakjan- > lakkjan > leċċan | leċċan |
| PGmc *lakjan- | OE leċċan | cause to leak, moisten | lakjan- > lakkjan > leċċan | |
| PGmc *lamjan- | OE lemian | beat (up), cripple | lamjan- > lammjan > lemman | lemman |
| PGmc *lepjan- | OE lippa | lip | lepjan- > leppjan > leppan | leppan |
| PGmc *masjinga- | OE mæsling | brass | masjinga- > masjing > massjing > messeng | messeng |
| PGmc *sebjō- | OE sib | kinship | sebjō- > seβju > seββju > seff | seff |
| PGmc *skaþjan- | OE sċeþþan | harm, do wrong | skaþjan- > skaþþjan > sċieþþan | sċieþþan |
| PGmc *swabjan- | OE swebban | cause to sleep | swabjan- > swaββjan > sweffan | sweffan |
| PGmc *þakjan- | OE þeċċan | burn | þakjan- > þakkjan > þeċċan | |
| PGmc *þegjan- | OE þiċġan | request | þegjan- > þeggjan > þeċġan | þeċġan |
| PGmc *þragjan- | OE þrægan | run | þragjan- > þraggjan > þreċġan | þreċġan |
| PGmc *þridjan- | OE þridda | third | þridjan- > þriddjan > þriddan | þriddan |
| PGmc *weljan- | OE willa | will, wish | weljan- > welljan > wellan | wellan |
| PGmc *wrakjan- | OE wreċċa | persecutor | wrakjan- > wrakkjan > wreċċan | wreċċan |
| PGmc *wratjōn- | OE wrætte | madder | wratjōn- > wrattjōn > wrettan | wrettan |