From Proto-West Germanic to Old English

Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
PWGmc *ahtō	eahta	eight	ahtō > æhtō > æhtā > eahta
PGmc *ahtau	eahta	eight	ahtau > æhtō > æhtā > eahta
PWGmc *latōst	latost	most recently	latōst > lætōst > lætāst > latast	latast
PGmc *galgô	ġealga	gallows	galgô > gælgō > gælgā > ġealga
PNWGmc *langizô	lengra	longer	langizô > ląngirō > ląngirā > lengra
PWGmc *fiskōþ	fiscoþ	fishing	fiskōþ > fiskāþ > fiscaþ	fiscaþ
PNWGmc *leuhmô	lēoma	light	leuhmô > leuhmō > leuhmā > lēoma
PNWGmc *mānô	mōna	moon	mānô > mą̄nō > mą̄nā > mōna
PNWGmc *lākinôna	lācnian	to heal	lākinôna > lǣkinōn > lǣkinān > lǣcnan	lǣcnan
PNWGmc *bugô	boga	bow	bugô > bogō > bogā > boga
PGmc *gumô	guma	human	gumô > gumō > gumā > guma
PWGmc *hwarbōn	hwearfian	to wander around	hwarbōn > hwærβōn > hwærβān > hwearfan	hwearfan
PWGmc *hwōstō	hwōsta	cough	hwōstō > hwōstā > hwōsta
PWGmc *kwainōn	cwānian	to lament	kwainōn > kwainān > cwānan	cwānan
PGmc *tungōn-	tunge	tongue	tungōn- > tungān > tungan	tungan
PGmc *hertōn-	heorte	heart	hertōn- > hertān > heortan	heortan
PWGmc *liznōn	liornian	to learn	liznōn > lirnōn > lirnān > leornan	leornan
PWGmc *fanþijō	fēþa	traveller on foot	fanþijō > fą̄þijō > fą̄þijā > fēþa
PGmc *amslōn-	ōsle	blackbird	amslōn- > ą̄slōn > ą̄slān > ōslan	ōslan
PGmc *saipwōn-	sāpe	soap	saipwōn- > saipwān > sāpwan	sāpwan
PWGmc *aiskōn	āscian	to ask	aiskōn > aiskān > āscan	āscan
PWGmc *kampijō	cempa	warrior	kampijō > kąmpijō > kąmpijā > cempa
PWGmc *sparwō	spearwa	sparrow	sparwō > spærwō > spærwā > spearwa
PGmc *swalwōn-	swealwe	swallow	swalwōn- > swælwōn > swælwān > swealwan	swealwan
PNWGmc *nabulô	nafola	navel	nabulô > næβulō > næβulā > nafola
PWGmc *maþō	maþa	worm	maþō > mæþō > mæþā > maþa
PWGmc *rakkō	racca	sailyard ring	rakkō > rækkō > rækkā > racca
PWGmc *krabbō	crabba	crab	krabbō > kræbbō > kræbbā > crabba
PNWGmc *magô	maga	stomach	magô > mægō > mægā > maga
PWGmc *nakwō	naca	ship	nakwō > nækwō > nækwā > næca	næca
PWGmc *skaþō	sċaþa	samage, destruction	skaþō > skæþō > skæþā > sċaþa
PWGmc *knabō	cnafa	boy	knabō > knæβō > knæβā > cnafa
PWGmc *þaisimō	þǣsma	yeast	þaisimō > þaisimā > þǣsma
PNWGmc *klawiþô	cleweþa	itch	klawiþô > klæwiþō > klæwiþā > cleiþa	cleiþa
PGmc *laiwizakōn-	lāwriċe	lark	laiwizakōn- > laiwirækōn > laiwirækān > lǣracan	lǣracan
PWGmc *skuldihaitijō	sċyldhǣta	deputy, bailiff	skuldihaitijō > skuldihaitijā > sċyldēota	sċyldēota
PWGmc *raihō	rā	red deer	raihō > raihā > rā
PWGmc *rīkisōn	ricsian	to rule, reign	rīkisōn > rīkisān > rīcsan	rīcsan
PWGmc *garāfijō	gerefa	count (the male ruler of a county)	garāfijō > gærǣfijō > gærǣfijā > ġearefa	ġearefa
PWGmc *wlātiþō	wlǣtta	nausea, disgust, loathing	wlātiþō > wlǣtiþō > wlǣtiþā > wlætta	wlætta
PWGmc *liznōn	leornian	to learn	liznōn > lirnōn > lirnān > leornan	leornan
PGmc *aima-uzjōn-	ǣmyrie	embers	aima-uzjōn- > aimæ-urjōn > aimæ-urjān > ām-orian	ām-orian
PGmc *alkōn-	ealce	auk	alkōn- > ælkōn > ælkān > ealcan	ealcan
PGmc *askōn-	æsce	ashes	askōn- > æskōn > æskān > ascan	ascan
PGmc *augōn-	ēage	eye	augōn- > augān > ēagan	ēagan
PGmc *austrōn-	ēastre	Easter	austrōn- > austrān > ēastran	ēastran
PGmc *auzōn-	ēare	ear	auzōn- > aurōn > aurān > ēaran	ēaran
PGmc *agōn-	age	magpie	agōn- > ægōn > ægān > agan	agan
PGmc *belunōn-	beolone	henbane	belunōn- > belunān > beolonan	beolonan
PGmc *bīōn-	bēo	bee	bīōn- > bīwōn > bīwān > bīwan	bīwan
PGmc *brunjōn-	byrne	breastplate	brunjōn- > brunnjōn > brunnjān > brynnan	brynnan
PGmc *ēmōn-	ōman	erysipelas	ēmōn- > ą̄mōn > ą̄mān > ōman
PGmc *ēmōn-	ē̆mel	larva	ēmōn- > ą̄mōn > ą̄mān > ōman	ōman
PGmc *falōn	fala	board	falōn > fælōn > fælān > falan	falan
PGmc *fleugōn-	flēoge	fly	fleugōn- > fleugān > flēogan	flēogan
PGmc *friōnd-	frēond	friend	friōnd- > friānd > friand	friand
PGmc *furhʷōn-	furh	fir	furhʷōn- > forhwōn > forhwān > fōran	fōran
PGmc *hezdōn-	heord	flax fibers	hezdōn- > herdōn > herdān > heordan	heordan
PGmc *hīwōn-	hīwan	married couple, household	hīwōn- > hīwān > hīwan
PGmc *hōrōn-	hōre	whore	hōrōn- > hōrān > hōran	hōran
PGmc *hrusōn-	hruse	crust	hrusōn- > hrosōn > hrosān > hrosan	hrosan
PGmc *kannōn-	canne	jug	kannōn- > kąnnōn > kąnnān > cannan	cannan
PGmc *kelōn-	ceole	throat	kelōn- > kelān > ċielan	ċielan
PGmc *kimbōn-	cimb-stān	crest, ridge	kimbōn- > kimbān > ċimban	ċimban
PGmc *kʷenōn-	cwene	woman, wife	kʷenōn- > kwenōn > kwenān > cwenan	cwenan
PGmc *luppōn-	loppe	flea	luppōn- > loppōn > loppān > loppan	loppan
PGmc *madrōn-	mædere	madder	madrōn- > mædrōn > mædrān > mædran	mædran
PGmc *maisōn-	māse	titmouse	maisōn- > maisān > māsan	māsan
PGmc *mēnōþ-	mōnað	month	mēnōþ- > mą̄nōþ > mą̄nāþ > mōnað
PGmc *mītōn-	mīte	mite	mītōn- > mītān > mītan	mītan
PGmc *muniwōn-	myne	minnow	muniwōn- > muniwān > myniwan	myniwan
PGmc *murhōn-	moru	wild carrot	murhōn- > morhōn > morhān > mōran	mōran
PGmc *namōn-	nama	name	namōn- > nąmōn > nąmān > naman	naman
PGmc *nēdrōn-	nǣdre	viper	nēdrōn- > nǣdrōn > nǣdrān > nǣdran	nǣdran
PGmc *salihōn-	sealh	sallow, willow	salihōn- > sælihōn > sælihān > selēon	selēon
PGmc *snīpōn-	snīpe	snipe	snīpōn- > snīpān > snīpan	snīpan
PGmc *targōn-	targe	edge	targōn- > tærgōn > tærgān > teargan	teargan
PGmc *tibōn-	tife	bitch	tibōn- > tiβān > tifan	tifan
PGmc *tittōn-	tit	tit, breast	tittōn- > tittān > tittan	tittan
PGmc *þanhōn-	þōhe	clay	þanhōn- > þą̄hōn > þą̄hān > þōn	þōn
PGmc *þuftōn-	þoft	thwart, rowing bench	þuftōn- > þoftōn > þoftān > þoftan	þoftan
PGmc *unhtwōn-	ūht	last part of the night	unhtwōn- > ūhtwōn > ūhtwān > uhtwan	uhtwan
PGmc *uwwilōn-	ūle	owl	uwwilōn- > ūwilōn > ūwilān > ȳlan	ȳlan
PGmc *widuōn-	widewe	widow	widuōn- > widuān > widoan	widoan
PGmc *wikōn-	wice	sequence, week	wikōn- > wikān > wican	wican
PGmc *wratjōn-	wrætte	madder	wratjōn- > wrættjōn > wrættjān > wrettan	wrettan
PGmc *sunnōn-	sunne	sun	sunnōn- > sunnān > sunnan	sunnan

Sequences

pwgmc-to-oe: previous pre-oe-a-fronting, next pre-oe-lth
pgmc-to-oe: previous pre-oe-a-fronting, next pre-oe-lth
pnwgmc-to-oe: previous pre-oe-a-fronting, next pre-oe-lth