Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
PWGmc *kinnu	ċinn	jaw	kinnu > ċinnu > ċinn
PWGmc *kisil	ċisel	gravel	kisil > ċisil > ċisel
PGmc *gīslaz	ġīsl	hostage	gīslaz > gīsl > ġīsl
PWGmc *kirikā	ċiriċe	church	kirikā > kirikǣ > ċiriċǣ > ċiriċe
PWGmc *kīp	ċīp	embryo, shoot	kīp > ċīp
PWGmc *gibiþī	ġifeþe	given, granted (by fate)	gibiþī > ġiβiþī > ġifiþe	ġifiþe
PWGmc *gimmu	ġimm	gem	gimmu > ġimmu > ġimm
PWGmc *kalb	ċealf	calf	kalb > kealβ > ċealβ > ċealf
PGmc *kalbiz-	ċealf	calf	kalbiz- > kealβi > ċealβi > ċielf	ċielf
PGmc *kaldaz	ċeald	cold	kaldaz > keald > ċeald
PGmc *gardaz	ġeard	enclosure	gardaz > geard > ġeard
PGmc *garda-	ġeard	enclosure	garda- > geard > ġeard
PGmc *galgô	ġealga	gallows	galgô > gealgā > ġealgā > ġealga
PGmc *galgan-	ġealga	gallows	galgan- > gealgan > ġealgan	ġealgan
PNWGmc *garną	ġearn	yarn	garną > gearn > ġearn
PNWGmc *galdraz	ġealdor	incantation	galdraz > gealdr > ġealdr > ġealdor
PWGmc *kaldī	ċieldu	coldness	kaldī > kealdī > ċealdī > ċielde	ċielde
PGmc *gernaz	ġeorn	desirous, eager	gernaz > georn > ġeorn
PWGmc *kerban	ċeorfan	to carve, to cut	kerban > keorβan > ċeorβan > ċeorfan
PGmc *kerban-	ċeorfan	carve	kerban- > keorβan > ċeorβan > ċeorfan
PWGmc *keusan	ċēosan	to choose	keusan > kēosan > ċēosan
PGmc *keusan-	ċēosan	to test	keusan- > kēosan > ċēosan
PWGmc *geutan	ġēotan	to pour	geutan > gēotan > ġēotan
PGmc *gaumijaną	ġīeman	to observe	gaumijaną > gēamjan > ġēamjan > ġīeman
PNWGmc *gaukaz	ġēac	cuckoo	gaukaz > gēak > ġēac
PGmc *gauka-	ġēac	cuckoo	gauka- > gēak > ġēac
PNWGmc *keulaz	ċēol	keel, ship	keulaz > kēol > ċēol
PWGmc *kaup	ċēap	trade, purchase	kaup > kēap > ċēap
PGmc *gebaną	ġiefan	to give	gebaną > geβan > ġeβan > ġiefan
PGmc *geldaną	ġieldan	to pay for	geldaną > geldan > ġeldan > ġieldan
PWGmc *gasti	ġiest	guest	gasti > gæsti > ġæsti > ġiest
PNWGmc *gebu	ġiefu	gift	gebu > ġeβu > ġiefu
PWGmc *gelu	ġeolu	yellow	gelu > ġelu > ġielu	ġielu
PWGmc *garwijan	ġierwan	to prepare	garwijan > gearwjan > ġearwjan > ġierwan
PGmc *garwjan-	ġierwan	prepare, make ready	garwjan- > gearwjan > ġearwjan > ġierwan
PWGmc *gafehan	ġefēon	to rejoice	gafehan > gæfeohan > ġæfeohan > ġefēon
PWGmc *gafrāgī	ġefrǣġe	known, famous	gafrāgī > gæfrǣgī > ġæfrǣġī > ġefrǣġe
PWGmc *kabisi	ċiefes	concubine	kabisi > kæβisi > ċæβisi > ċiefs	ċiefs
PWGmc *gazdi	ġierd	rod	gazdi > geardi > ġeardi > ġierd
PWGmc *katil	ċytel	kettle	katil > kætil > ċætil > ċietel	ċietel
PGmc *galaubijaną	ġelīefan	to believe	galaubijaną > gælēaβjan > ġælēaβjan > ġælīefan	ġælīefan
PWGmc *kāsī	ċȳse	chieese	kāsī > kǣsī > ċǣsī > ċīese	ċīese
PWGmc *kawwjan	ċīeġan	to call	kawwjan > kēajan > ċēajan > ċīeġan
PGmc *kaujan-	ċīeġan	call, shout	kaujan- > kēajan > ċēajan > ċīeġan
PGmc *girnijaną	ġiernan	to be eager for, to desire	girnijaną > giornjan > ġiornjan > ġiernan
PWGmc *garāfijō	gerefa	count (the male ruler of a county)	garāfijō > gærǣfjā > ġærǣfjā > ġearefa	ġearefa
PGmc *gaiza-	gār	spear, tip	gaiza- > gǣ > ġǣ > ġēa	ġēa
PGmc *galda-	ġielde	barren, not (yet) pregnant	galda- > geald > ġeald	ġeald
PGmc *gallan-	ġealla	bile	gallan- > geallan > ġeallan	ġeallan
PGmc *gata-	ġeat	hole	gata- > gæt > ġæt > ġeat
PGmc *gauja-	-gē	district, region	gauja- > gēaj > ġēaj > ġīeġ	ġīeġ
PGmc *gellan-	ġiellan	sound, yell	gellan- > ġellan > ġiellan
PGmc *gelwaz	geolo	yellow	gelwaz > gelu > ġelu > ġielo	ġielo
PGmc *gestra-	geostran-dæg	the previous or next day	gestra- > gestr > ġestr > ġiester	ġiester
PGmc *geupan-	ġēopan	be hollow	geupan- > gēopan > ġēopan
PGmc *gīslaz	gīsel	hostage	gīslaz > gīsl > ġīsl	ġīsl
PGmc *giwēn-	ġiwian	desire, long for	giwēn- > giowējan > ġiowējan > ġeowian	ġeowian
PGmc *kalzōjan-	ċeallian	call, shout	kalzōjan- > kealrōjan > ċealrōjan > ċealrian	ċealrian
PGmc *kawō-	ċēo	jackdaw	kawō- > kēa > ċēa	ċēa
PGmc *kebra-	ceafor	beetle	kebra- > keβr > ċeβr > ċiefer	ċiefer
PGmc *kēgjō-	cǣg	peg, key	kēgjō- > kǣgju > ċǣġju > ċīeġ	ċīeġ
PGmc *kelōn-	ceole	throat	kelōn- > kelān > ċelān > ċielan	ċielan
PGmc *kelurō-	ceoler	throat	kelurō- > keluru > ċeluru > ċieler	ċieler
PGmc *kerla-	ċeorl	man, freeman	kerla- > keorl > ċeorl
PGmc *kerzan-	ċeorran	creak, to cry (of birds)	kerzan- > keorran > ċeorran
PGmc *kewwan-	ċēowan	chew	kewwan- > kēowan > ċēowan
PGmc *kimbōn-	cimb-stān	crest, ridge	kimbōn- > kimbān > ċimbān > ċimban	ċimban
PGmc *kīnan-	ċīnan	burst open, germinate	kīnan- > ċīnan
PGmc *kippōn-	ċippian	chop(?)	kippōn- > kippōjan > ċippōjan > ċippian
PGmc *kisila-	ciosol	gravel	kisila- > kisil > ċisil > ċisel	ċisel
PGmc *kitōn-	citelian	tickle	kitōn- > kitōjan > ċitōjan > ċitian	ċitian
PGmc *kīþa-	ċīð	sprout, bud	kīþa- > kīþ > ċīð
PGmc *kizna-	ċēn	pine tree	kizna- > kēn > ċēn
PGmc *getan-	*ġietan	find (a way), to be able	getan- > ġetan > ġietan
PGmc *ginnan-	*ġinnan	begin	ginnan- > ġinnan
PGmc *gīnan-	*ġīnan	gape	gīnan- > ġīnan
PGmc *kazjan	ċierran	turn, direct	kazjan > kærjan > ċærjan > ċieran	ċieran

Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
PGmc *hugjaną	hyċġan	to think	hugjaną > huggjan > huċġjan > hyċġan
PWGmc *wakkjan	weċċan	to waken	wakkjan > wækkjan > wæċċjan > weċċan
PGmc *wakjan-	weċċan	to waken	wakjan- > wækkjan > wæċċjan > weċċan
PWGmc *liggjan	liċġan	to lie	liggjan > liċġjan > liċġan
PWGmc *laggjan	leċġan	to lay	laggjan > læggjan > læċġjan > leċġan
PGmc *lagjan-	leċġan	to lay	lagjan- > læggjan > læċġjan > leċġan
PWGmc *buggjan	byċġan	to buy	buggjan > buċġjan > byċġan
PNWGmc *flikkiją	fliċċe	side of bacon	flikkiją > flikkī > fliċċī > fliċċe
PNWGmc *stukkiją	styċċe	piece	stukkiją > stukkī > stuċċī > styċċe
PGmc *stukkja-	styċċe	piece	stukkja- > stukki > stuċċi > styċċ	styċċ
PWGmc *þrukkijan	þryċċan	to press, to oppress	þrukkijan > þrukkjan > þruċċjan > þryċċan
PWGmc *tikkīn	tiċċen	kid	tikkīn > tiċċīn > tiċċen
PWGmc *aggju	eċġ	edge	aggju > æggju > æċġju > eċġ
PNWGmc *þakkjan	þeċċan	to cover	þakkjan > þækkjan > þæċċjan > þeċċan
PWGmc *bruggju	bryċġ	bridge	bruggju > bruċġju > bryċġ
PGmc *rakjaną	reċċan	to stretch out	rakjaną > rækkjan > ræċċjan > reċċan
PGmc *sagjaną	seċġan	to say	sagjaną > sæggjan > sæċġjan > seċġan
PGmc *jukjan-	ġyċċan	itch	jukjan- > jukkjan > juċċjan > ġyċċan
PGmc *lakjan-	læċċan	grab	lakjan- > lækkjan > læċċjan > leċċan	leċċan
PGmc *lakjan-	leċċan	cause to leak, moisten	lakjan- > lækkjan > læċċjan > leċċan
PGmc *plukkjan-	plyċċean	pluck	plukkjan- > pluċċjan > plyċċan	plyċċan
PGmc *þakjan-	þeċċan	burn	þakjan- > þækkjan > þæċċjan > þeċċan
PGmc *þegjan-	þiċġan	request	þegjan- > þeggjan > þeċġjan > þeċġan	þeċġan
PGmc *þragjan-	þrægan	run	þragjan- > þræggjan > þræċġjan > þreċġan	þreċġan
PGmc *wrakjan-	wreċċa	persecutor	wrakjan- > wrækkjan > wræċċjan > wreċċan	wreċċan

Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
PGmc *skipą	sċip	ship	skipą > skip > sċip
PGmc *skipa-	sċip	ship	skipa- > skip > sċip
PGmc *skīnaną	sċīnan	shine	skīnaną > skīnan > sċīnan
PWGmc *lākī	lǣċe	physician	lākī > lǣkī > lǣċī > lǣċe
PGmc *lēkja-	lǣċe	doctor; leech	lēkja- > lǣki > lǣċi > lǣċ	lǣċ
PWGmc *rīkī	rīċe	kingdom	rīkī > rīċī > rīċe
PGmc *stikiz	stiċe	puncture, point	stikiz > stiki > stiċi > stiċe
PGmc *mikilaz	miċel	big	mikilaz > mikil > miċil > miċel
PGmc *mekila-	miċel	big	mekila- > mekil > meċil > meċel	meċel
PGmc *slagiz	sleġe	blow, stroke	slagiz > slægi > slæġi > sleġe
PGmc *rugiz	ryġe	rye	rugiz > rugi > ruġi > ryġe
PWGmc *brūkī	brȳċe	useful	brūkī > brūċī > brȳċe
PNWGmc *langizô	lengra	longer	langizô > ląngirā > ląnġirā > lengra
PNWGmc *lākinôna	lācnian	to heal	lākinôna > lǣkinān > lǣċinān > lǣcnan	lǣcnan
PGmc *wurkijaną	wyrċan	to work, to make	wurkijaną > wurkjan > wurċjan > wyrċan
PGmc *wurkjan-	wyrċan	to work, to make	wurkjan- > wurċjan > wyrċan
PGmc *þunkijaną	þynċan	to seem	þunkijaną > þunkjan > þunċjan > þynċan
PGmc *þunkjan-	þynċan	to seem	þunkjan- > þunċjan > þynċan
PWGmc *sōkijan	sēċan	to look for, to seek	sōkijan > sōkjan > sōċjan > sēċan
PGmc *sōkjan-	sēċan	to look for, to seek	sōkjan- > sōċjan > sēċan
PWGmc *raikijan	rǣċan	to reach	raikijan > rākjan > rāċjan > rǣċan
PWGmc *mākī	mēċe	sword	mākī > mǣkī > mǣċī > mǣċe	mǣċe
PGmc *drankijaną	drenċan	to give to drink	drankijaną > drąnkjan > drąnċjan > drenċan
PGmc *drankjan-	drenċan	to give to drink	drankjan- > drąnkjan > drąnċjan > drenċan
PGmc *balgiz	bielġ	leather bag	balgiz > bealgi > bealġi > bielġ
PGmc *hugiz	hyġe	thought, understanding	hugiz > hugi > huġi > hyġe
PNWGmc *bankiz	benċ	bench	bankiz > bąnki > bąnċi > benċ
PGmc *banki-	benċ	bench	banki- > bąnki > bąnċi > benċ
PNWGmc *raukijaną	rīeċan	to cause smoke, to smoke (meat etc.)	raukijaną > rēakjan > rēaċjan > rīeċan
PNWGmc *fangiz	fenġ	grasp, booty	fangiz > fąngi > fąnġi > fenġ
PGmc *fangi-	fenġ	catch	fangi- > fąngi > fąnġi > fenġ
PNWGmc *strangiz	strenġ	string	strangiz > strąngi > strąnġi > strenġ
PGmc *strangi-	strenġ	string, cord, rope	strangi- > strąngi > strąnġi > strenġ
PWGmc *gangī	genġe	passable	gangī > gąngī > gąnġī > genġe
PGmc *gangi-	genġe	passable	gangi- > gąngi > gąnġi > genġ	genġ
PNWGmc *laugiz	līeġ	flame	laugiz > lēagi > lēaġi > līeġ
PNWGmc *swōgiz	swēġ	sound	swōgiz > swōgi > swōġi > swēġ
PWGmc *gafrāgī	ġefrǣġe	known, famous	gafrāgī > gæfrǣgī > ġæfrǣġī > ġefrǣġe
PNWGmc *baugijaną	bīeġan	to bend	baugijaną > bēagjan > bēaġjan > bīeġan
PGmc *baugjan-	bīeġan	(make) bend	baugjan- > bēagjan > bēaġjan > bīeġan
PNWGmc *hnaigijaną	hnǣġan	to lower, to cause to bow	hnaigijaną > hnāgjan > hnāġjan > hnǣġan
PGmc *hnaigjan-	hnǣġan	make bow (down)	hnaigjan- > hnāgjan > hnāġjan > hnǣġan
PWGmc *sprāki	sprǣċ	speech	sprāki > sprǣki > sprǣċi > sprǣċ
PWGmc *bruki	bryċe	(a) break	bruki > bruċi > bryċe
PGmc *bruki-	bryċe	breach	bruki- > bruċi > bryċe
PWGmc *flaiski	flǣsċ	flesh, meat	flaiski > flāski > flāsċi > flǣsċ
PWGmc *waigī	wǣġe	cup	waigī > wāgī > wāġī > wǣġe
PNWGmc *þangilaz	þenġel	prince	þangilaz > þąngil > þąnġil > þenġel
PWGmc *hangist	henġest	stallion	hangist > hąngist > hąnġist > henġest
PGmc *hangista-	henġest	horse; stallion(?); gelding(?)	hangista- > hąngist > hąnġist > henġest
PWGmc *angil	enġel	angel	angil > ąngil > ąnġil > enġel
PNWGmc *wunskijaną	wȳsċan	to wish	wunskijaną > wūskjan > wūsċjan > wȳsċan
PGmc *wunskjan-	wȳsċan	wish	wunskjan- > wūskjan > wūsċjan > wȳsċan
PWGmc *fōgijan	fēġan	to fit together	fōgijan > fōgjan > fōġjan > fēġan
PGmc *fōgjan-	fēġan	join together	fōgjan- > fōġjan > fēġan
PWGmc *brōgijan	brēġan	to terrify	brōgijan > brōgjan > brōġjan > brēġan
PWGmc *agiþā	eġeþe	rake, harrow	agiþā > ægiþǣ > æġiþǣ > eġiþe	eġiþe
PGmc *wargijaną	wierġan	to condemn	wargijaną > weargjan > wearġjan > wierġan
PNWGmc *bargijaną	bierġan	to taste	bargijaną > beargjan > bearġjan > bierġan
PNWGmc *gamarkiją	ġemierċe	mark	gamarkiją > gamearkī > gamearċī > gamierċe	gamierċe
PWGmc *luginu	lyġen	lie	luginu > luġinu > lyġen
PGmc *luginō-	lyġen	lie, falsehood	luginō- > luginu > luġinu > lyġen
PWGmc *rīkisōn	ricsian	to rule, reign	rīkisōn > rīkisān > rīċisān > rīcsan	rīcsan
PWGmc *flaiski	flæsċ	flesh, meat	flaiski > flāski > flāsċi > flǣsċ	flǣsċ
PGmc *agiz-	eġe	fear	agiz- > ægi > æġi > eġe
PGmc *agila-	eġl	awn	agila- > ægil > æġil > eġel	eġel
PGmc *ajuki-	ǣce	eternal	ajuki- > ajuki > ajuċi > aġoċ	aġoċ
PGmc *bakja-	beċe	creek	bakja- > bæki > bæċi > beċe
PGmc *balgiz	belig	leather bag	balgiz > bealgi > bealġi > bieli	bieli
PGmc *bulgjan-	bylġian	bellow	bulgjan- > bulġjan > bylġan	bylġan
PGmc *burgjan-	byrian	hide(?)	burgjan- > burġjan > byrian
PGmc *dangjan-	denċġan	beat	dangjan- > dąngjan > dąnġjan > denġan	denġan
PGmc *draugja-	drȳge	dry	draugja- > drēagi > drēaġi > drīeġ	drīeġ
PGmc *drunki-	drynċ	drink	drunki- > drunċi > drynċ
PGmc *egila-	igil	hedgehog, sea urchin	egila- > egil > eġil > eġel	eġel
PGmc *faigi-	fǣġe	bound to die	faigi- > fāgi > fāġi > fǣġ	fǣġ
PGmc *finkja-	finċ	finch	finkja- > finki > finċi > finċ
PGmc *hangjan-	henġan	to (make) hang	hangjan- > hąngjan > hąnġjan > henġan
PGmc *hōkīna-	hēċen	kid, young goat	hōkīna- > hōkīn > hōċīn > hēċen
PGmc *hrugja-	hrycg	ridge; back	hrugja- > hrugi > hruġi > hryġe	hryġe
PGmc *kēgjō-	cǣg	peg, key	kēgjō- > kǣgju > ċǣġju > ċīeġ	ċīeġ
PGmc *lēkinōn-	lǣcnian	heal	lēkinōn- > lǣkinōjan > lǣċinōjan > lǣcnian
PGmc *lugi-	lygge	deceitful, false	lugi- > luġi > lyġe	lyġe
PGmc *mangjan-	menġan	mix	mangjan- > mąngjan > mąnġjan > menġan
PGmc *pagila-	pæġel	measuring stick(?)	pagila- > pægil > pæġil > peġel	peġel
PGmc *rauki-	rēc	smoke	rauki- > rēaki > rēaċi > rīeċ	rīeċ
PGmc *rōkjan-	rēċan	heed	rōkjan- > rōċjan > rēċan
PGmc *sagja-	secg	man, hero	sagja- > sægi > sæġi > seġe	seġe
PGmc *sagja-	secg	sedge	sagja- > sægi > sæġi > seġe	seġe
PGmc *segiz-	sigor	victory	segiz- > segi > seġi > seġe	seġe
PGmc *skīman-	sċīma	shine	skīman- > sċīman	sċīman
PGmc *skinkan-	sċeanca	shank, ham	skinkan- > sċincan	sċincan
PGmc *skītan-	sċītan	shit	skītan- > sċītan
PGmc *sprangjan-	sprenġan	make jump, to make burst	sprangjan- > sprąngjan > sprąnġjan > sprenġan
PGmc *targjan-	tierġan	vex	targjan- > teargjan > tearġjan > tierġan
PGmc *þankjan-	þenċan	think	þankjan- > þąnkjan > þąnċjan > þenċan
PGmc *þwangi-	þwang	latchet	þwangi- > þwąngi > þwąnġi > þwenġ	þwenġ
PGmc *wagja-	wecg	wedge	wagja- > wægi > wæġi > weġe	weġe
PGmc *wrankjan-	wrenċan	twist, wring	wrankjan- > wrąnkjan > wrąnċjan > wrenċan
PGmc *daugjan-	*dīeġan	endure	daugjan- > dēagjan > dēaġjan > dīeġan
PGmc *frēgi-	*frǣġe	renowned	frēgi- > frǣgi > frǣġi > frǣġ	frǣġ
PGmc *hlankjan-	*hlenċan	twist, turn	hlankjan- > hląnkjan > hląnċjan > hlenċan
PGmc *balgjan-	belgan	make swell, make angry	balgjan- > bealgjan > bealġjan > bielian	bielian
PGmc *tangja-	*tenġe	approximate	tangja- > tąngi > tąnġi > tenġ	tenġ
PGmc *ōgjan-	*œgan	fear	ōgjan- > ōġjan > ēġan	ēġan
PGmc *wurgjan-	wyrġan	strangle	wurgjan- > wurġjan > wyrġan
PGmc *taikjan-	tǣċan	show	taikjan- > tākjan > tāċjan > tǣċan
PGmc *klangjan-	clengan	make stick	klangjan- > kląngjan > kląnġjan > clenġan	clenġan

Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
PWGmc *kirikā	ċiriċe	church	kirikā > kirikǣ > ċiriċǣ > ċiriċe
PWGmc *līk	līċ	body	līk > līċ
PGmc *līka-	līċ	body	līka- > līk > līċ
PWGmc *sīk	sīċ	watercourse	sīk > sīċ
PWGmc *spik	spiċ	bacon	spik > spiċ
PGmc *spika-	spiċ	bacon	spika- > spik > spiċ
PWGmc *āswik	ǣswiċ	offence, deceit	āswik > ǣswik > ǣswiċ > ǣsiċ	ǣsiċ
PWGmc *laiwazikā	lāwriċe	lark	laiwazikā > lāwærikǣ > lāwæriċǣ > lawrċe	lawrċe
PGmc *dīka-	dīċ	dam; ditch	dīka- > dīk > dīċ
PGmc *līka-	*līċ	similar, equal	līka- > līk > līċ

Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
PNWGmc *skardaz	sċeard	damaged, notched	skardaz > skeard > sċeard
PWGmc *skarp	sċearp	sharp	skarp > skearp > sċearp
PGmc *skarpa-	sċearp	sharp	skarpa- > skearp > sċearp
PWGmc *skelh	sċeolh	oblique, crooked, squinting	skelh > skeolh > sċeolh
PGmc *skelha-	sċeolh	wry, oblique	skelha- > skeolh > sċeolh
PWGmc *skaunī	sċīene	beautiful	skaunī > skēanī > sċēanī > sċīene
PNWGmc *skeutaną	sċēotan	to shoot	skeutaną > skēotan > sċēotan
PGmc *skeutan-	sċēotan	shoot, dash	skeutan- > skēotan > sċēotan
PNWGmc *skaubą	sċēaf	sheaf	skaubą > skēaβ > sċēaβ > sċēaf
PWGmc *skūr	sċūr	shower (of rain)	skūr > sċūr
PGmc *skūra-	sċūr	short shower (of rain/hail)	skūra- > skūr > sċūr
PGmc *skattaz	sċeatt	coin, money	skattaz > skætt > sċætt	sċætt
PGmc *skelduz	sċield	shield	skelduz > skeldu > sċeldu > sċeld	sċeld
PWGmc *skāp	sċēap	sheep	skāp > skǣp > sċǣp	sċǣp
PWGmc *skappjan	sċieppan	to make, to create	skappjan > skæppjan > sċæppjan > sċeppan	sċeppan
PWGmc *skaþō	sċaþa	samage, destruction	skaþō > skaþā > sċaþā > sċaþa
PWGmc *skaban	sċafan	to cut (hair), to shave	skaban > skaβan > sċaβan > sċafan
PGmc *skōhaz	sċōh	shoe	skōhaz > skōh > sċōh
PWGmc *skamu	sċamu	shame	skamu > skąmu > sċąmu > sċamu
PGmc *skamō-	sċamu	shame	skamō- > skąmu > sċąmu > sċamu
PWGmc *skrūd	sċrūd	gear, outfit	skrūd > sċrūd
PNWGmc *skeraną	sċieran	to cut, to shear	skeraną > skeran > sċeran > sċeran	sċeran
PGmc *skeran-	sċieran	cut	skeran- > sċeran	sċeran
PWGmc *skākārī	sċēacere	robber	skākārī > skǣkǣrī > sċǣkǣrī > sċǣcere	sċǣcere
PWGmc *skarpijan	sċierpan	to sharpen	skarpijan > skearpjan > sċearpjan > sċierpan
PWGmc *skuldihaitijō	sċyldhǣta	deputy, bailiff	skuldihaitijō > skuldiohātjā > sċuldiohātjā > sċyldēota	sċyldēota
PGmc *skadu-	sċeadu	shadow	skadu- > skadu > sċadu	sċadu
PGmc *skakan-	sċacan	shake; to leave	skakan- > skakan > sċacan
PGmc *skalka-	sċealc	servant	skalka- > skealk > sċealc
PGmc *skarna-	sċearn	dung, muck	skarna- > skearn > sċearn
PGmc *skatta-	sċeat	wealth, property, cattle	skatta- > skætt > sċætt	sċætt
PGmc *skaþjan-	sċeþþan	harm, do wrong	skaþjan- > skæþþjan > sċæþþjan > sċeþþan
PGmc *skauta-	sċēat	seam	skauta- > skēat > sċēat
PGmc *skehan-	sċēon	move quickly; to happen	skehan- > skeohan > sċeohan > sċēon
PGmc *skēpa-	sċēp	sheep	skēpa- > skǣp > sċǣp	sċǣp
PGmc *skēra-	sċēara	pair of scissors	skēra- > skǣr > sċǣr	sċǣr
PGmc *skerban-	sċeorfan	scrape, scratch	skerban- > skeorβan > sċeorβan > sċeorfan
PGmc *skeuban-	sċēofan	shove	skeuban- > skēoβan > sċēoβan > sċēofan
PGmc *skraudan-	sċrēadian	cut, shred	skraudan- > skrēadan > sċrēadan	sċrēadan
PGmc *skrimman-	sċrimman	contract	skrimman- > sċrimman
PGmc *skrinkʷan-	sċrincan	shrivel	skrinkʷan- > skrinkwan > sċrinkwan > sċrincan
PGmc *skrīþan-	sċrīðan	stride	skrīþan- > sċrīðan
PGmc *skriþi-	sċriþe	pace	skriþi- > sċriþi > sċriþe
PGmc *skuldi-	sċyld	debt, guilt	skuldi- > sċuldi > sċyld
PGmc *skuldra-	sċuldor	shoulder	skuldra- > skoldr > sċoldr > sċoldor	sċoldor
PGmc *skuti-	sċyte	shooting	skuti- > sċuti > sċyte
PGmc *skuwwan-	scuwa	mirror	skuwwan- > skouwan > sċouwan > sċoowan	sċoowan
PGmc *skrankʷjan-	*sċrencan	make fall(?)	skrankʷjan- > skrąnkwjan > sċrąnkwjan > sċrencan
PGmc *skulan-	sċulan	shall, to be obliged to	skulan- > skolan > sċolan	sċolan
PGmc *skrattan-	sċrætte	demon	skrattan- > skrattan > sċrattan	sċrattan

Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
PWGmc *dagē	dæġe	day.dat	dagē > dægē > dæġē > dæġe
PGmc *dagaz	dæġ	day	dagaz > dæg > dæġ
PNWGmc *grādagaz	grǣdiġ	hungry, greedy	grādagaz > grǣdæg > grǣdæġ > grǣdiġ
PNWGmc *māgaz	mǣġ	kinsman	māgaz > mǣg > mǣġ
PGmc *mēga-	mǣġ	kinsman	mēga- > mǣg > mǣġ
PNWGmc *hunagą	huniġ	honey	hunagą > hunæg > hunæġ > huniġ
PNWGmc *wāgaz	wǣġ	wave	wāgaz > wǣg > wǣġ
PWGmc *weg	weġ	way	weg > weġ
PWGmc *habīg	hefiġ	heavy	habīg > hæβīg > hæβīġ > hefiġ
PWGmc *hailag	hāliġ	holy	hailag > hālæg > hālæġ > hāliġ
PGmc *alamahtīgaz	ælmihtiġ	almighty	alamahtīgaz > alumeahtīg > alumeahtīġ > alomiehtiġ	alomiehtiġ
PGmc *ainagaz	ǣniġ	only; sole; singular; unique	ainagaz > ānæg > ānæġ > āniġ	āniġ
PWGmc *wīg	wīġ	battle	wīg > wīġ
PGmc *haga-	haga	enclosure; pasture	haga- > hæg > hæġ	hæġ
PGmc *hīgēn-	hīġian	pant(?)	hīgēn- > hīgējan > hīġējan > hīġian
PGmc *magaþi-	mæġð	girl, maiden	magaþi- > mægæþ > mæġæþ > mæġeþ	mæġeþ
PGmc *managa-	maniġ	many	managa- > mąnæg > mąnæġ > maniġ
PGmc *swīgēn-	swīġian	be silent	swīgēn- > swīgējan > swīġējan > swīġian

Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
PWGmc *nagl	næġl	nail	nagl > nægl > næġl
PWGmc *swegru	sweġer	mother-in-law	swegru > sweġru > sweġer
PGmc *swegru-	sweġer	mother-in-law	swegru- > sweġru > sweġer
PWGmc *regn	reġn	rain	regn > reġn
PGmc *rignijaną	riġnan	to rain	rignijaną > rignjan > riġnjan > riġnan
PNWGmc *bregdaną	breġdan	to brandish	bregdaną > bregdan > breġdan
PNWGmc *þegnaz	þeġn	retainer, follower	þegnaz > þegn > þeġn
PGmc *þegna-	þeġn	retainer	þegna- > þegn > þeġn
PNWGmc *seglą	seġl	sail	seglą > segl > seġl
PGmc *segla-	seġl	sail, canvas	segla- > segl > seġl
PNWGmc *siglijaną	siġlan	to sail	siglijaną > sigljan > siġljan > siġlan
PNWGmc *sigliją	siġle	jewelry	sigliją > siglī > siġlī > siġle
PGmc *aglijaną	eġlan	to treat badly, to harm	aglijaną > ægljan > æġljan > eġlan
PWGmc *fagr	fæġer	beautiful	fagr > fægr > fæġr > fæġer
PGmc *fagra-	fæġer	beautiful	fagra- > fægr > fæġr > fæġer
PNWGmc *legrą	leġer	bed, lair	legrą > legr > leġr > leġer
PWGmc *fregnan	frignan	to ask	fregnan > freġnan	freġnan
PGmc *aglu-	egle	difficult	aglu- > æglu > æġlu > æġl	æġl
PGmc *agra-	eagor	flood	agra- > ægr > æġr > æġer	æġer
PGmc *bagma-	bēam	beam, tree	bagma- > bægm > bæġm > bæġom	bæġom
PGmc *bragna-	bræġen	brain	bragna- > brægn > bræġn	bræġn
PGmc *hagla-	hagol	hail	hagla- > hægl > hæġl	hæġl
PGmc *magra-	mæġer	lean	magra- > mægr > mæġr > mæġer
PGmc *tagla-	tæġl	hair	tagla- > tægl > tæġl
PGmc *tagra-	tæhher	tear	tagra- > tægr > tæġr > tæġer	tæġer
PGmc *wagna-	wæġn	wagon	wagna- > wægn > wæġn
PGmc *wiggan-	wicga	weevil(?)	wiggan- > wiġgan	wiġgan

Orphan Examples

From	To	Gloss	Steps	Expected
*mæġædīn	*mæġdīn	little girl	mæġædīn > mæġædīn > mægdīn	mægdīn

Sequences

pwgmc-to-oe: previous oe-long-ae-retraction, next oe-w-after-non-initial-velars
pgmc-to-oe: previous oe-long-ae-retraction, next oe-w-after-non-initial-velars
pnwgmc-to-oe: previous oe-long-ae-retraction, next oe-w-after-non-initial-velars