Etymograph > Tolkien's Languages > Sindarin > Historical Phonology

ce-to-s

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Consistent Derivations

CE	S	Gloss	Derivation
teñmā	têw	letter	teñmā > teŋma > teŋwa > téwa > téw

Statistics

Consistent: 1 (100%); single-phoneme inconsistent: 0 (0%); inconsistent: 0; total: 1

Candidates

ANA- >

S annon 'gate'

(expected: ana)

ATH- >

S athae 'ease, comfort, heal'

(expected: atʰ)

AYA- >

S aer 'holy'

(expected: aja)

BARATH- >

S bereth 'queen'

(expected: baratʰ)

EL- >

S elen 'star'

(expected: el)

GALA- >

S galadh 'tree'

(expected: gala)

GIL- >

S gil 'star'

KAR- >

S car- 'do'

KHAYA- >

S hae 'very far away'

(expected: kʰaja)

KOR- >

S cor 'ring, circle'

KOY- >

S cuia- 'live'

(expected: coj)

KUY- >

S echui 'awakening'

(expected: cuj)

KWAT- >

S pant 'full'

(expected: cwat)

LAS- >

S lass 'leaf'

(expected: las)

LAS- >

S lasta- 'listen'

(expected: las)

LAWAR- >

S glaur 'gold'

(expected: lawar)

LED- >

S glenna- 'travel'

(expected: led)

MA- >

S man 'what'

(expected: ma)

MI- >

S minna- 'enter'

(expected: mi)

MIN- >

S minas 'tower'

(expected: min)

MIR- >

S mîr 'jewel'

(expected: mir)

NDU- >

S dún 'West'

(expected: ndu)

NIK-W- >

S nim 'pale'

(expected: nic-w)

PEN- >

S penna 'come down'

(expected: pen)

PHAL- >

S faloth 'large wave' (PHAL- > PHALoth)

SI- >

S sír 'today'

(expected: si)

SIL- >

S silef 'crystal'

(expected: sil)

SIL- >

S síla- 'shine'

(expected: sil)

SPIN- >

S esbin 'thin thread'

(expected: spin)

SPIN- >

S finn 'hair'

(expected: spin)

THAN- >

S thoniel 'kindler'

(expected: tʰan)

THIL- >

S Ithil 'Moon'

(expected: tʰil)

TIR- >

S tiria 'watch'

(expected: tir)

TIR- >

S tir- 'look'

TIR- >

S tirith 'watching'

(expected: tir)

TUL- >

S tol- 'come'

(expected: tul)

TUR- >

S tûr 'master'

(expected: tur)

TUY- >

S ethuil 'spring'

(expected: tuj)

YA- >

S iaur 'old'

(expected: ia)

YAN- >

S iant 'bridge'

(expected: ian)

YE >

S iel 'daughter'

(expected: ie)

ai >

S aen 'should'

(expected: ai)

aklara >

S aglar 'glory' (aklara > aklar > aglar)

aklāra >

S aglor 'glorious' (aklāra > aklāra > aklāra > aklár > aglár > aglár)

(expected: aglár)

ambuna >

S amon 'hill, lump, clump, mass' (ambuna > ambona > ambon > ammon > amon)

andā >

S and 'long' (andā > anda > and > ánd > and > ann)

(expected: ann)

annā >

S ann 'gift' (annā > anna > ann > ánn > ann)

antā >

S anna- 'give'

(expected: antá)

arātā >

S arod 'noble' (arātā > aráta > aráta > aráta > arát > arád > arád)

(expected: arád)

duinē >

S duin 'river' (duinē > duine > duin)

dāra >

S Daur 'Frodo' (dāra > dāra > dāra > dár)

(expected: dár)

dērā >

S dîr 'difficult' (dērā > déra > díra > dír > dír)

elen >

S el 'star' (elen > ele > el)

erjā >

S air 'lonely' (erjā > erja > eria > eri > eir > air)

etr- >

S edra- 'open'

(expected: etr)

heklanā >

S eglan 'forsaken' (heklanā > eklaná > eklana > eklan > eglan)

(source: https://eldamo.org/content/words/word-3570525553.html)

immā >

S im 'I' (immā > imma > emma > emm > émm > emm > em)

(expected: em)

indo >

S ind 'heart'

(expected: indo)

kemen >

S ceven 'Earth'

(expected: cemen)

khabdā >

S haudh 'mound' (khabdā > kʰaudá > kʰauda > xauda > xǭda > xǭða > xauða > xauð > hauð)

khēr >

S hír 'lord' (khēr > xér > xír > hír > hír)

kuldā >

S coll 'hollow' (kuldā > kulda > kulða > kolða > kolð > koll)

lotta >

S loth 'flower' (lotta > lottʰa > loθθa > loθθ > loθ)

mbar >

S bâr 'dwelling' (mbar > bar > bár)

mbartā >

S amarth 'fate' (mbartā > ambartá > ambarta > ambartʰa > ambarθa > ambarθ > ammarθ > amarθ)

mbasta >

S bast 'bread' (mbasta > basta > bast)

me >

S men 'us'

(expected: me)

nebā >

S nef 'on this side'

(expected: nebá)

ni >

S nin 'me'

(expected: ni)

okma >

S oew 'evil deed' (okma > ogma > oɣma > oɣm > oim > oem > oev > oew)

phelgā >

S fela 'mine' (phelgā > pʰelga > ɸelga > ɸelɣa > felɣa > felɣ > fela)

rinsa >

S riss 'cleft' (rinsa > rissa > ressa > ress) – The expected a-affection is absent in this derivation

(expected: ress)

rīgā >

S rî 'wreath' (rīgā > ríga > ríɣa > ría > rí)

skalā >

S esgal 'cast shadow' (skalā > skala > eskala > eskal > esgal)

spindilā >

S findel 'head of hair' (spindilā > spindila > sɸindila > ɸindila > ɸindela > findela > findel > finnel)

(expected: finnel)

srāwe >

S rhaw 'flesh' (srāwe > r̥áwe > r̥áwe > r̥áwe > r̥áw > r̥áw)

(expected: rháw)

tagra >

S taer 'lofty' (tagra > taɣra > taira > tair > taer)

tektā >

S taith 'sign' (tektā > tekta > tektʰa > texθa > teiθa > teiθ > taiθ)

thūsē >

S thû 'horrible darkness, black mist' (thūsē > tʰúse > θúse > θúhe > θúh > θú > thú)

urkō >

S orch 'orc' (urkō > urko > urkʰo > urxo > orxo > orx > órch > orx)

yagā >

S iâ 'chasm' (yagā > jaga > jaɣa > jaɣ > iágh > iá)

yulmā >

S ylf 'drinking vessel' (yulmā > julma > yːlma > yːlm > yːlm > yːlv)

(expected: yːlf)

yānā >

S iaun 'wide' (yānā > jána > jána > ján > ján > ián > ián)

(expected: ián)

ñgurū >

S guru 'death' (ñgurū > ŋguru > guru)