Etymograph > Indo-European > Old English > Rules > oe-shortening-unstressed

Source: Ringe 2014:298 (6.8.3), Hogg 2011:6.27

Examples

FromToGlossStepsExpected
PWGmc *dagēdæġeday.datdagē > dæġē > dæġe
PWGmc *ahtōeahtaeightahtō > eahtā > eahta
PGmc *ahtaueahtaeightahtau > eahtā > eahta
PWGmc *latōstlatostmost recentlylatōst > latāst > latastlatast
PWGmc *ārundīǣrendemessage, errandārundī > ārundī > ārundi > ārondeāronde
PWGmc *kirikāċiriċechurchkirikā > ċiriċǣ > ċiriċæ > ċiriċe
PWGmc *gibiþīġifeþegiven, granted (by fate)gibiþī > ġifiþī > ġifiþi > ġifiþeġifiþe
PGmc *galgôġealgagallowsgalgô > ġealgā > ġealga
PWGmc *kaldīċielducoldnesskaldī > ċieldī > ċieldi > ċieldeċielde
PWGmc *skaunīsċīenebeautifulskaunī > sċīenī > sċīeni > sċīene
PWGmc *lākīlǣċephysicianlākī > lǣċī > lǣċi > lǣċe
PWGmc *rīkīrīċekingdomrīkī > rīċī > rīċi > rīċe
PWGmc *mirkwīmircedarkmirkwī > mierkī > mierki > miercemierce
PWGmc *brūkībrȳċeusefulbrūkī > brȳċī > brȳċi > brȳċe
PWGmc *swōtīswētesweet, pleasantswōtī > swētī > swēti > swēte
PNWGmc *langizôlengralongerlangizô > lengrā > lengra
PNWGmc *kussidēcyste(s)he kissedkussidē > kystē > cyste
PWGmc *fiskōþfiscoþfishingfiskōþ > fiskāþ > fiscaþfiscaþ
PNWGmc *leuhmôlēomalightleuhmô > lēohmā > lēohma > lēoma
PWGmc *taihātoetaihā > tāhǣ > tāhæ > tā
PNWGmc *mānômōnamoonmānô > mōnā > mōna
PNWGmc *lākinônalācnianto heallākinôna > lǣcnān > lǣcnanlǣcnan
PNWGmc *mārijazmǣrefamousmārijaz > mǣrī > mǣri > mǣre
PNWGmc *bugôbogabowbugô > bogā > boga
PGmc *gulþīnazgyldengoldengulþīnaz > gyldīn > gyldin > gylden
PGmc *gumôgumahumangumô > gumā > guma
PWGmc *andīendeendandī > endī > endi > ende
PWGmc *hirdīhierdeherdsmanhirdī > hierdī > hierdi > hierde
PWGmc *arbīierfeinheritancearbī > ierfī > ierfi > ierfe
PWGmc *wītīwītepunishmentwītī > wīti > wīte
PWGmc *hwaitīhwǣtewheathwaitī > hwǣtī > hwǣti > hwǣte
PWGmc *hwarbōnhwearfianto wander aroundhwarbōn > hwearfān > hwearfanhwearfan
PWGmc *hwōstōhwōstacoughhwōstō > hwōstā > hwōsta
PWGmc *kwainōncwānianto lamentkwainōn > kwānān > cwānancwānan
PWGmc *tungātungetonguetungā > tungǣ > tungæ > tunge
PGmc *tungōn-tungetonguetungōn- > tungān > tungantungan
PWGmc *hertāheortehearthertā > heortǣ > heortæ > heorte
PGmc *hertōn-heortehearthertōn- > heortān > heortanheortan
PWGmc *liznōnliornianto learnliznōn > liornān > liornan > leornanleornan
PWGmc *fanþijōfēþatraveller on footfanþijō > fēþā > fēþa
PWGmc *linþīlīþegentlelinþī > līþī > līþi > līþe
PWGmc *anslāōsleblackbirdanslā > ōslǣ > ōslæ > ōsle
PGmc *amslōn-ōsleblackbirdamslōn- > ōslān > ōslanōslan
PWGmc *saipāsāpesoapsaipā > sāpǣ > sāpæ > sāpe
PGmc *saipwōn-sāpesoapsaipwōn- > sāpwān > sāpwansāpwan
PWGmc *aiskōnāscianto askaiskōn > āskān > āscanāscan
PWGmc *wilþīwildewildwilþī > wildī > wildi > wilde
PWGmc *kampijōcempawarriorkampijō > kempā > cempa
PWGmc *sihhwāseohhesievesihhwā > siohhǣ > siohhæ > seohhe
PWGmc *arbaiþiearfoþhardship, hard laborarbaiþi > earfāþ > earfaþearfaþ
PWGmc *sparwōspearwasparrowsparwō > spearwā > spearwa
PWGmc *swalwāswealweswallowswalwā > swealwǣ > swealwæ > swealwe
PGmc *swalwōn-swealweswallowswalwōn- > swealwān > swealwanswealwan
PNWGmc *nabulônafolanavelnabulô > nafulā > nafula > nafola
PWGmc *maþōmaþawormmaþō > maþā > maþa
PWGmc *rakkōraccasailyard ringrakkō > rakkā > racca
PWGmc *krabbōcrabbacrabkrabbō > krabbā > crabba
PNWGmc *magômagastomachmagô > magā > maga
PWGmc *nakwōnacashipnakwō > nækā > næcanæca
PWGmc *skaþōsċaþasamage, destructionskaþō > sċaþā > sċaþa
PWGmc *knabōcnafaboyknabō > knafā > cnafa
PWGmc *mākīmēċeswordmākī > mǣċī > mǣċi > mǣċemǣċe
PNWGmc *flikkijąfliċċeside of baconflikkiją > fliċċī > fliċċi > fliċċe
PNWGmc *stukkijąstyċċepiecestukkiją > styċċī > styċċi > styċċe
PWGmc *gafrāgīġefrǣġeknown, famousgafrāgī > ġeafrǣġī > ġeafræġi > ġeafreġeġeafreġe
PWGmc *waigīwǣġecupwaigī > wǣġī > wǣġi > wǣġe
PWGmc *tikkīntiċċenkidtikkīn > tiċċīn > tiċċin > tiċċen
PNWGmc *siglijąsiġlejewelrysigliją > siġlī > siġli > siġle
PWGmc *skākārīsċēacererobberskākārī > sċēakǣrī > sċēakæri > sċēacere
PWGmc *tussjātyssecoarse clothtussjā > tyssǣ > tyssæ > tysse
PWGmc *garūnīġerȳne(secret) meeting, conspiracygarūnī > ġærȳnī > ġærȳni > ġerȳne
PWGmc *sūbrīsȳfresober, chaste, cleansūbrī > sȳfrī > sȳfri > sȳfre
PWGmc *grōnīgrēnegreengrōnī > grēnī > grēni > grēne
PWGmc *hamiþīhemeþeshirthamiþī > hemiþī > hemiþi > hemiþehemiþe
PWGmc *samftīsēftesoft, gentlesamftī > sēftī > sēfti > sēfte
PWGmc *þaisimōþǣsmayeastþaisimō > þǣsmā > þǣsma
PGmc *satīnizsetensetting, seatingsatīniz > setīn > setin > seten
PGmc *asnijazesneharvest-worker, hired manasnijaz > esnī > esni > esne
PNWGmc *klawiþôcleweþaitchklawiþô > kleiþā > cleiþacleiþa
PWGmc *habīghefiġheavyhabīg > hefīġ > hefiġ
PWGmc *agiþāeġeþerake, harrowagiþā > eġiþǣ > eġiþæ > eġiþeeġiþe
PWGmc *darnīdiernesecretdarnī > diernī > dierni > dierne
PNWGmc *gamarkijąġemierċemarkgamarkiją > gamierċī > gamierċi > gamierċegamierċe
PWGmc *auþīīeþeeasyauþī > īeþī > īeþi > īeþe
PWGmc *kāsīċȳsechieesekāsī > ċīesī > ċīesi > ċīeseċīese
PNWGmc *diurijazdīerevaluablediurijaz > dīerī > dīeri > dīere
PWGmc *kliuwīnclīewenlittle ballkliuwīn > klīeī > klīei > clīeeclīee
PWGmc *laiwazikālāwriċelarklaiwazikā > lawrċǣ > lawrċæ > lawrċelawrċe
PGmc *laiwizakōn-lāwriċelarklaiwizakōn- > lǣrkān > lǣrcanlǣrcan
PWGmc *grundilāgryndlename of a species of fishgrundilā > gryndlǣ > gryndlæ > gryndle
PWGmc *skuldihaitijōsċyldhǣtadeputy, bailiffskuldihaitijō > sċyldiohātā > sċyldiohata > sċyldēotasċyldēota
PWGmc *stahlīstīelesteel weaponstahlī > stiehlī > stiehli > stīele
PWGmc *raihōred deerraihō > rāhā > rāha > rā
PWGmc *slaihāslāsloe, blackthorn fruitslaihā > slāhǣ > slāhæ > slā
PWGmc *sehwāsēopupil (of the eye)sehwā > seohǣ > seohæ > sēo
PWGmc *auhaimēamuncleauhaim > ēahām > ēaham > ēam
PWGmc *irzīierremistaken, wrongirzī > ierrī > ierri > ierre
PWGmc *hosāhoseouter cover, shellhosā > hosǣ > hosæ > hose
PWGmc *buterābuterebutterbuterā > butrǣ > butræ > butrebutre
PWGmc *rīkisōnricsianto rule, reignrīkisōn > rīcsān > rīcsanrīcsan
PWGmc *garāfijōgerefacount (the male ruler of a county)garāfijō > ġearǣfā > ġearæfa > ġearefaġearefa
PGmc *alamahtīgazælmihtiġalmightyalamahtīgaz > alumiehtīġ > alumiehtiġ > alomiehtiġalomiehtiġ
PWGmc *wlātiþōwlǣttanausea, disgust, loathingwlātiþō > wlættā > wlættawlætta
PGmc *bakārijazbæcereOne who creates baked goods; bakerbakārijaz > bækǣrī > bækæri > bæcere
PWGmc *hard(ī)heardhardhard(ī) > hierd(ī) > hierd(i) > hierd(e)hierd(e)
PNWGmc *unlādazunlǣdpoorunlādaz > unlǣd > unlæd > unledunled
PWGmc *liznōnleornianto learnliznōn > liornān > liornan > leornanleornan
PGmc *aima-uzjōn-ǣmyrieembersaima-uzjōn- > ām-urġān > ām-urġan > ām-orianām-orian
PGmc *alkōn-ealceaukalkōn- > ealkān > ealcanealcan
PGmc *amaitjō-æmetteantamaitjō- > omēt > ometomet
PGmc *askōn-æsceashesaskōn- > askān > ascanascan
PGmc *augōn-ēageeyeaugōn- > ēagān > ēaganēagan
PGmc *austrōn-ēastreEasteraustrōn- > ēastrān > ēastranēastran
PGmc *auzōn-ēareearauzōn- > ēarān > ēaranēaran
PGmc *agōn-agemagpieagōn- > agān > aganagan
PGmc *belunōn-beolonehenbanebelunōn- > belunān > belunan > beolonanbeolonan
PGmc *bibēn-beofiantremblebibēn- > bifēġan > bifeġan > bifianbifian
PGmc *bīōn-bēobeebīōn- > bīwān > bīwanbīwan
PGmc *brunjōn-byrnebreastplatebrunjōn- > brynnān > brynnanbrynnan
PGmc *buwwēn-bogiandwell; to form, buildbuwwēn- > bouwēġan > bouweġan > boowianboowian
PGmc *dazēn-darianbe numbed(?)dazēn- > dærēġan > dæreġan > dæriandærian
PGmc *drūsēn-drūsianfall asleepdrūsēn- > drūsēġan > drūseġan > drūsian
PGmc *ēmōn-ōmanerysipelasēmōn- > ōmān > ōman
PGmc *ēmōn-ē̆mellarvaēmōn- > ōmān > ōmanōman
PGmc *falōnfalaboardfalōn > falān > falanfalan
PGmc *ferraifeorrfarferrai > feorrē > feorrefeorre
PGmc *fleugōn-flēogeflyfleugōn- > flēogān > flēoganflēogan
PGmc *friōnd-frēondfriendfriōnd- > friānd > friandfriand
PGmc *fulgēn-fylganfollow, accompanyfulgēn- > folgēġan > folgeġan > folgianfolgian
PGmc *furhʷōn-furhfirfurhʷōn- > forhān > forhan > fōranfōran
PGmc *giwēn-ġiwiandesire, long forgiwēn- > ġiowēġan > ġioweġan > ġeowianġeowian
PGmc *habēn-habbanhavehabēn- > hæfēġan > hæfeġan > hæfianhæfian
PGmc *hawēn-hawianobservehawēn- > hawēġan > haweġan > hawian
PGmc *hezdōn-heordflax fibershezdōn- > heordān > heordanheordan
PGmc *hīgēn-hīġianpant(?)hīgēn- > hīġēġan > hīġeġan > hīġian
PGmc *hīwōn-hīwanmarried couple, householdhīwōn- > hīwān > hīwan
PGmc *hlinēn-hlinianleanhlinēn- > hlinēġan > hlineġan > hlinian
PGmc *hōkīna-hēċenkid, young goathōkīna- > hēċīn > hēċin > hēċen
PGmc *hōrōn-hōrewhorehōrōn- > hōrān > hōranhōran
PGmc *hrusōn-hrusecrusthrusōn- > hrosān > hrosanhrosan
PGmc *innaiinnein(side)innai > innē > inne
PGmc *kannōn-cannejugkannōn- > konnān > connanconnan
PGmc *kelōn-ceolethroatkelōn- > ċielān > ċielanċielan
PGmc *kimbōn-cimb-stāncrest, ridgekimbōn- > ċimbān > ċimbanċimban
PGmc *klibēn-clifianstickklibēn- > klifēġan > klifeġan > clifian
PGmc *krabēn-crafianurge, demandkrabēn- > kræfēġan > kræfeġan > cræfiancræfian
PGmc *kʷenōn-cwenewoman, wifekʷenōn- > kwenān > cwenancwenan
PGmc *libēn-libbanbe left; to livelibēn- > lifēġan > lifeġan > lifianlifian
PGmc *luppōn-loppeflealuppōn- > loppān > loppanloppan
PGmc *madrōn-mæderemaddermadrōn- > mædrān > mædranmædran
PGmc *maisōn-māsetitmousemaisōn- > māsān > māsanmāsan
PGmc *mēnōþ-mōnaðmonthmēnōþ- > mōnāþ > mōnað
PGmc *mērijazmǣrefamousmērijaz > mǣrī > mǣri > mǣre
PGmc *mītōn-mītemitemītōn- > mītān > mītanmītan
PGmc *muniwōn-myneminnowmuniwōn- > myniowān > myniowan > myneowanmyneowan
PGmc *murhōn-moruwild carrotmurhōn- > morhān > morhan > mōranmōran
PGmc *namōn-namanamenamōn- > namān > namannaman
PGmc *nēdrōn-nǣdrevipernēdrōn- > nǣdrān > nǣdrannǣdran
PGmc *salihōn-sealhsallow, willowsalihōn- > seliohān > seliohan > selēonselēon
PGmc *snīpōn-snīpesnipesnīpōn- > snīpān > snīpansnīpan
PGmc *stūpēn-stūpianstoopstūpēn- > stūpēġan > stūpeġan > stūpian
PGmc *swīgēn-swīġianbe silentswīgēn- > swīġēġan > swīġeġan > swīġian
PGmc *targōn-targeedgetargōn- > teargān > tearganteargan
PGmc *tibōn-tifebitchtibōn- > tifān > tifantifan
PGmc *tittōn-tittit, breasttittōn- > tittān > tittantittan
PGmc *trūēn-trūwiantrusttrūēn- > trūwēġan > trūweġan > trūwian
PGmc *þanhōn-þōheclayþanhōn- > þōhān > þōhan > þōnþōn
PGmc *þrōēn-þrōwianendureþrōēn- > þrōwēġan > þrōweġan > þrōwian
PGmc *þuftōn-þoftthwart, rowing benchþuftōn- > þoftān > þoftanþoftan
PGmc *unhtwōn-ūhtlast part of the nightunhtwōn- > ūtwān > ūtwanūtwan
PGmc *uwwilōn-ūleowluwwilōn- > ȳlān > ȳlanȳlan
PGmc *widuōn-widewewidowwiduōn- > widuān > widuan > widoanwidoan
PGmc *wikōn-wicesequence, weekwikōn- > wikān > wicanwican
PGmc *witēn-witianwatch, heedwitēn- > witēġan > witeġan > witian
PGmc *wratjōn-wrættemadderwratjōn- > wrettān > wrettanwrettan
PGmc *wunēn-wunianbe used towunēn- > wunēġan > wuneġan > wunian
PGmc *sunnōn-sunnesunsunnōn- > sunnān > sunnansunnan
PGmc *gumēn-*gumianpay attentiongumēn- > gumēġan > gumeġan > gumian
PGmc *fiēn-fēoġanhatefiēn- > fiēġan > fieġanfieġan

Sequences

pwgmc-to-oe: previous oe-bilabial-fricative-devoicing, next oe-ej
pgmc-to-oe: previous oe-bilabial-fricative-devoicing, next oe-ej
pnwgmc-to-oe: previous oe-bilabial-fricative-devoicing, next oe-ej