| pwgmc-unstressed-ai | ai > ē |
| pwgmc-stressed-u | u > o |
| pwgmc-zw-dw | {z|d} > w / V_wV |
| pwgmc-final-z | z > ∅ / _# |
| pwgmc-final-a | {a|ą} > ∅ / _# |
| pwgmc-labiovelars | kʷ > kw, ɡʷ > gw, hʷ > hw |
| pwgmc-final-j-w | j > i / C_#, w > u / C_#, ij > ī / _# |
| pwgmc-gemination-by-j | β > bb / _j, C > CC / _j |
| pwgmc-word-final-high-nasals | {į|ų} > {i|u} / _# |
| pwgmc-word-final-i-u | {i|u} > ∅ / _# |
| pwgmc-long-o | {ō|ǭ} > ā / _(r)#, ô > ō |
| pwgmc-shorten-before-final-r | V > [-long] / _r# |
| pwgmc-unstressed-diphthongs | au > ō, ōu > ō |
| pwgmc-w-after-stressed-vowel-before-u | w > ∅ / V_u |
| pwgmc-stressed-final-vowels | V > [+long] / _# |
| pwgmc-jj-ww | uww > ūw / _!j, ww > uw / _!j, j > i / _j |